The world's third population has signs of hypertension. Pressure with hypertension causes stenosis and vascular damage, sometimes hemorrhagic infarts. Therefore, healthy people are very important to know what this pressure is, which indicators can be considered, which will be considered, it will be considered a signal to the beginning of this tonameter.
Blood pressure is due to the strength of the impact on the main and peripheral vessels. Pressure indicators depend directly from several factors:
- vascular elasticity;
- Heart contraction;
- Blood volume was heartfelt at a certain period of time.
It is customary writing in a contact with blood pressure (blood pressure):
- Upper figure, large - systolic pressure (with the narrowing of the heart);
- Low figure, small diastolic pressure (between heart contraction).
Blood pressure can change - in body position, during physical exercise, annoying, relaxation or after meals. If a person does not experience health problems, the pressure is stabilized after a short time. With hypertension, the growing indicators are protected for a while. Hypertensive patients have sharp fluctuations in blood pressure. After normal sleep, it can rise after eating, then decreases. Evening pressure indicators are generally more than in the morning and sometimes falls sharply at night.
To analyze blood pressure indicators, the more value is usually added to the upper number. The main risk factors for the development of cardiovascular pathologies in patients in patients are increasing in the 50s of the age of 50. In the vast majority of people, it is growing due to the loss of elasticity of the main vessels over the years and exposure of atherosclerotic boards.
Blood pressure is an individual indicator depending on the age, surrounding conditions, accompanying pathologies and even days. However, there are average medical indicators. After the patient knows what is pressure, the doctor identifies the version of hypertension or norm.
Blood pressure in patients over 18 years of age
| Systolic | Diastolic | |
| Optimal | Less than 120 | Less than 80 |
| Normal | Up to 130 | Up to 85 |
| Normal tall | Up to 140 | Up to 90 |
| 1 degree hypertension | Up to 160 | Up to 100 |
| 2 degree hypertension | Up to 180 | Up to 110 |
| 3 degree hypertension | More than 180 | More than 110 |
| Isolated systolic hypertension | More than 180 | Less than 110 |
Systematic pressure controls will help prevent the serious consequences of hypertension because the pathological changes in the indicators will appear in a timely manner.
Blood pressure never changes without any reason. Its fluctuations can cause diseases of cardiovascular, digestion, genitourinary system, traumatic brain injuries. However, the factors that provoke the change are always related to pathologies. The growth of blood pressure indicators is often due to the following:
- Allergic reactions;
- stressful situations;
- hormonal shortcomings;
- smoking;
- Alcohol abuse;
- weather dependence;
- to take some medicine;
- over-work;
- dehydration;
- eat fatty foods;
- excessive amounts of salt are consumed;
- Hypodynamia or vice versa, physical tension.
The reason for the increase in pressure can be ages - changes in the body and inherited trends.
Growing blood pressure is very noticeable. The visual symptoms of pathological changes provide more services:
- Acute headache (generally in the temples and behind the back), often accompanied by vomiting reflexes;
- Redness of the skin (sometimes ships appear);
- Weakness in the ears flies in front of the eyes;
- Redness of eyelid proteins (sometimes a violation of visual acute);
- Dispnea;
- pain behind the sternum;
- vibrations;
- Insomnia;
- Heart heart beat;
- Increased sweating.
Consult a doctor with the participation of such symptoms. Early hypertension is dangerous asymptomatic. A person sometimes does not think about the pressure will increase.
With the growing pressure on the diet, it is necessary to enter the oils effectively and enter the products that can prevent thrombosis.
After 20 years, it is recommended to measure the pressure during the exams. If higher than the norm, the doctor sets additional tests. Lump summers do not always show the presence of hypertension. If the increasing indicators are observed with several consecutive exams, if the disease is preserved, as well as preserved the doctor's instructions to adjust the lifestyle.
Without a medical device, it is impossible to accurately determine the pressure indicators, but there may be adverse changes to the pulse. By applying the ring and index fingers to carbon artery, the number of heart bends in 30 seconds should be calculated and the figure is two (number of beats per minute). The pulse, which is equal to 60-80 shots, is considered normal. With increasing pressure, the pulse feels without difficulty. If you have a heart rate monitor, you can use it.
Different types of tonsometers are used to accurately measure blood pressure. The structures of the device differ in the principle of movement. Mercury tonsometers were replaced by pneumatic and then electronic devices. The latter can easily use any people who are not even medical education. These are characterized by compact, accuracy and ease of use.
Typically, such tonometers show only a pulse frequency, not only systolic and diastolic pressure. At the same time, the previous measurements, specialists are "recalled" that each of the changes in blood pressure in each particular patient.
The measurement of blood pressure should be treated with maximum carefully. This applies to patients who follow the level of pressure on both the expert and patients independently. There are certain rules:
- One day before measuring, you need to give up tonic drinks and cigarettes;
- You should not use eye and nose drops on the measurement day;
- Measure half of the pressure after a meal;
- Before applying the tonometer cuff, the patient should take a suitable position by putting a comfortable hand on a flat surface;
- The cuff should be placed in the middle of the shoulder. It should be 2, 5 cm from the bottom of the bottom of the bottom. The air pipes should lie along the shoulder midline;
- The heart should leave the cavity where the same level is located and the shoulder finger is easily placed;
- During the tonomet operation, the absolute silence must be protected.
First, experts recommend the pressure on both hands, then the highest indicators "gives". If the measurement is carried out outside the walls of the medical institution, the patient is recommended to make the notebook "Accounting" and access the day, time and measurements. How often measurements can be done, the doctor determines.
High blood pressure with hypertension is full of hypertensive crises - sudden jumps of critical indicators. Such states provoke the sharp expansion of broken blood vessels. The results series differ in hypertension:
- Problems in the eyes (Visual sharpness reduction, bleeding);
- kidney failure;
- The heart ischemia;
- Heart failure;
- angina pector;
- stroke;
- heart attack;
- impossibility;
- the swelling of light and brain;
- Death.
With the risk of wearing aortic aneurism, pressure is recommended to demolish as soon as possible. And with brain disorders, this should be done in a hurry, otherwise they will complain.
High blood pressure often leads to the death of the patient and even death.
Hypertensive crisis (above 200 mm hg), you must immediately call an ambulance group and start taking measures to remove symptoms before arrival. You can move independently with an average increase in pressure.
If the signs of increased pressure occur, it is necessary to measure its indicators. Headache, nausea, weakness may occur for other reasons. If the pressure really increases, these are as follows.
- ensure peace, draft and silence (including at work);
- Provide access to fresh air;
- Lying down, raise your head (at work, if there is no way, sit comfortably);
- Follow breathing exercises (diaphragmatic breathing);
- Massage the collar zone and head (relatives or friends are desirable to do so);
- Drink a diuretic broth (parsley, lingonberry, green or kidney river, rose).
Such measures slowly lower the pressure and prevent the development of complications. If they do not help, you should contact a cardiologist.
Patients with active lifestyles often face rapid reduction in pressure. Drug medications can do it, but it should be used to prevent reduced pressure and other complications to prevent excessive doses. The participating doctor must set medications. The pressure will help you reduce quickly and safely:
- peace;
- Cooling compress;
- Hot baths for limestos (not hot! ). You can use a container with water or heating cushion, mustard;
- Fittochai salt (Valerian, motherless, chamomile, mint, lemon balm).
If the expected effect is not, the listed measures are completed with drugs.
The house should always be with problems that appear regularly with pressure on the medical cupboard.
The absence of drugs can be compensated by "permanent" drug use, but the effect is not only significant in one or two hours after one or two hours. To accept pharmacy, the following:
- only use funds set by the doctor;
- Do not mix the drugs;
- Solve and absorb "Ambulance" tablets;
- Take the medicine lies (after taking away, 30 minutes thick in horizontal position). If necessary, you should get up slowly.
When adopting pharmaceuteness, you need to pay attention to the opposite instructions and side effects.
In order to prevent the development of negative results, certain restrictions should be followed:
- After 24 hours after the pressure stabilization, avoid increasing physical activity;
- Avoid psycho -imo-permanent overloads, take ups of stressful situations, with the inevitable event;
- Refuse to use alcohol, cafeteria-doop and smoking.
For fat and very salt foods, a diet (coked meat, canned food - including) should be expelled. The amount of liquid consumed after normalizing the pressure of several days should be limited.
Hypertension treatment depends on the growing type of pressure, as well as the stage of the pathological process. It is possible to use combined and monotherapy. After a comprehensive diagnosis and destination, the cardiologist will normally recommend the necessary measures when there is a normal pressure, as well as a sharp increase.